TYPES OF DEFINITIONS IN MONOLINGUAL GENERAL DICTIONARIES. THE GRINDĂ/STÂLP/CONTRAFIȘĂ [BEAM/ PILLAR/ STRUT] PARADIGM

Rezumat

Method of describing the meaning, the definition leads to identifying the referent and forming the adequate linguistic messages. From this perspective, differences regarding the type of dictionary and the specific of the communication context interfere. Definition clearifies the semantic content, according to the ratio CL/SL. The typology of definitions is various, from lexicographic and terminological definitions to alternative, natural/conventional, substantial and relational definitions, according to the speaker and to the context of communication (internal terminology/external terminology). The monolingual general dictionaries that we have selected for our study (COED – for English and DEXI – for Romanian) record the lexical units from the paradigm beam/pillar/strut// grindă/stâlp/contrafișă – specific for the terminology of constructions (TC) either preceded by the subject label (constr) corresponding to the domain of reference - the domain of constructions (DC), or made up with explicit references to the specific of DC. Following the model of analysis from Angela Bidu-Vrănceanu 1993, 2000, 2007, 2010, we have noticed that the definitions for beam/pillar/strut// grindă/stâlp/contrafișă are mainly lexicographic (but they also include terminological elements) and substantial (as they are structured according to the Aristotelian genus proximum/ diferentia specifica).